I cleaned, but my free space didn't go up
The space comes back when you empty the Trash.
Cleaning moves items to the Trash, and the space comes back when you empty it: right-click the Trash in the Dock and choose Empty Trash. Only do this when you're sure you don't want anything in it.
Some caches start refilling straight away as apps run, so a little of the space may come back over time. That's normal: they're only kept while useful.